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Today I am going to teach you Root Words methods to learn new English words. There are about 1000 words in my vocabulary list, download it. This PDF will help you to learn new words through Root Words method.

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120 Root Words, Prefixes, and Suffixes PDF List
120 Commonly Used Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes

The English language is filled with words borrowed from ancient Greek and Latin, which makes supplementing your instruction with word parts practice that much more critical.  There are countless ways to incorporate word parts into your lesson plans. You may already have a structured plan in place, or you might be testing the waters. Either way, teach your students to be word detectives.  A word detective looks at all the clues to determine a word’s meaning. When students know how to decode large words by identifying root words and affixes, they will be sufficiently prepared to tackle higher level texts. 

The table below lists 120 commonly used Greek and Latin root words, prefixes, and suffixes.  It also includes the meaning of each word part and several example words. It’s a great place to start if you’re interested in adding a regularly scheduled word parts practice to your daily teaching agenda. 

120 Root Words, Prefixes, and Suffixes PDF ListRoot Words Free PDF List

Brooke Khan, M.A.Ed


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How old is your child? Critical Thinking Word Roots appears to be for gr 5 and above. The other three books you listed can be used from gr 2 onwards.

You can see the entire Vocabulary Packets : Prefixes and Suffixes book at Scholastic’s store. It looks boring, because each unit teaches the same 12 words over 4-5 pages (i.e. 3 words per prefix or suffix). Also, the games are more suitable for a classroom. If you are sure you can extend the knowledge of those prefixes and suffixes to more words during your read-alouds or teaching sessions, then it is an inexpensive option (I used the coupon code 10THANKS).

Also, with the Scholastic Prefixes and Suffixes book, you will need the Vocabulary Packets : Greek and Latin Roots book.

page 1: introduce 10 words for the root

page 2: match word with meaning (you have to print and cut out the cards on this page)

page 4: quiz (bubble test for the meaning of each word)

I’d say the Learning Works books are more suitable for a homeschool than the Scholastic books are.

Based on samples of Red Hot Root Words on Amazon, I’d say it looks much more fun. Get the book 2 only — book 1 has the same roots as book 2 but at a more basic level.

Have you seen Words On the Vine? It seems to be the most humourous and interesting of all word root books I have seen and it is the most inexpensive too. I would suggest this for a start.

Let’s start with Word Root method

In this, we start with the root word and then add root word to forming different meaning. 

Root words

1. Thei

Now adding different words

  • meaning the one who believes in god
  • meaning the one who don’t believe in god.
  • mono+theist  mono(only one) so monotheist means the one who believes in one god.
  • Ploy means many so polytheists means the one who believe in many gods.
  • Pan mean all over so pantheist is one who believe in all gods across al religion.

2. Logy

means study of something

  • Theology — Teho means god or religion so theology means study of religion
  • Anthropology — Anthrop means human being so anthropology means study of human being.
  • Morphology — Morph means structure so morphology means study of structures.
  • Anthropomorphism — Its antrop+morph+ism meaning is giving human structure to god.
  • Zoomorphism — Its zo+morph+ism meaning giving animal structure to god.
  • Amorpic — It’s a+morph means no particular structure.

3. Phobia

means fear or dislike

  • Zoophobia — zoo+phobia means fear of animal
  • Androphobia — Andro means boys/male so androphobia means the one who don’t like boys.
  • Gynophobia — Gyno means girl / women so gynophobia means the one who don’t like girls
  • Pedophobia — Pedo means child so pedophobia is the one who don’t like children’s.
  • Demophobia — demo means people so demophobia means the one who fear of public speaking.
  • Anthropophobia — anthro means human being so anthropophobia mean fear of human being or the one who don’t like the company of human being or in simple word aloof (living alone)
  • Theophobia — theo+phobia means fear of religion
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4. Cracy

Cracy means govt /system

  • Democracy — demo+cracy means govt of people
  • Autocracy — auto+cracy means dictatorship/kingship (when one person rules the whole government or system)
  • Theocracy — Theo+cracy means when government is of religious people like priest, bishops etc.
  • Plutocracy — Pluto means wealthy so plutocracy means when government is controlled by wealthy people like industrialist.
  • Oligocracy — Oligo means selected few so oligocracy means when selected few runs the government.
  • Mobocracy — Mob means crowd so mobocracy means when crowd takes over government or in other words lawlessness.
  • Monarchy — monarc means top official like king so monarchy is the rule of king.
  • Anarchy — means lawlessness it’s just similar to mobocracy .
  • Gerontocracy — geron mean aged/ experienced so gerontocracy means when position are determined by the experience or the age.
  • Meritocracy — merito means performance so meritocracy means when positon are decided by performance
  • Cleptocracy — clepto means thief so cleptocracy means when government is run by thieves.
  • Beaurocracy — beauro means top officials so beaurocracy means when government is run by top officials.
  • Aristocracy — aristo means nobility so aristocracy means when government is run by noble families.

5. Somnia

Insomnia means lack of sleep

  • Somniferous — ferrous means things causing something so somniferous are the things that cause sleep like pills etc.
  • Somnambulist — som+amb+ist here som means sleep ambu means walk so somnambulist means the one who walk while sleeping.
  • Ambulant — means things able to walk
  • Somniloquist — loquist means talking so somniloquist means the one who talks while sleeping.

6. Cious

Cious means to do something

  • Loquacious — loquis means talking so lozuacious means the one who talks a lot
  • Voracious — vora means eat so voracious means the one who eats a lot.
  • Avaricious — avari means greed so avaricious means greedy
  • Pugnacious — pug means fight so pugnacious means the one who fights a lot.

7. Cide

meaning kill/ murder

  • Infanticide — infant+cide meaning to kill child. 
  • uxoricide — uxor means wife so uxoricide mean A husband who murders his wife. 
  • Mariticide — marit means husband so maritcide mean The murder of a husband by his wife. 
  • Patricide — patri means father so patricide means A person who murders their father.
  • Matricide — matri mean mother so matricide means A person who murders their mother. 
  • Fratricide — frat means brother so fratricide means A person who murders their brother.

10. Ambul

  • Amble- to walk in a slow, relaxed way
  • Ambulant- walking or moving
  • Ambulance- a vehicle that moves a patient

11. Anim

  • Animal- a living organism;
  • Animate- to make alive;
  • Equanimity- of balanced spirit

12. Anti

Against, opposite of

  • Antibody- a substance that destroys micro-organisms
  • Antiseptic- preventing infection;
  • Antisocial- opposing social norm

13. Arbour

  • Arborist- someone working with trees
  • Arbour- a shady area formed by trees
  • Arborous- having many trees

14. Auto

Self, same, one

  • Autocrat- a person who governs with absolute power
  • Autograph- a person’s own signature
  • Automatic- moving by itself

15. Bene

  • Benefactor- person who gives money to a cause
  • Beneficial- producing a good effect
  • Benevolent- showing kindness or goodwill

16. Cata

Down, against completely intensive according to

  • Cataclysm- a flood or other disaster
  • Catalogue- a complete listing
  • Catastrophe- turning for the worst, a substantial disaster

17. Cert

  • Ascertain- to find out something with certainty;
  • Certain- being absolutely sure
  • Certify to state that something is true

18. Circum

  • Circumnavigate- to sail around
  • Circumscribe— to draw around
  • Circumspect- looking around
  • Circumvent- to go around or bypass restrictions;

19. Clar

  • Clarification— an explanation
  • Clarify- to make something clear
  • wish, will to state something clearly

20. Cline

  • Inclination- a leaning toward
  • Incline- a surface that slopes or leans
  • Recline- to lean back and relax

21. Counter

Opposite, contrary, opposing

  • Counteract- to oppose the effects of an action
  • Countermand— to cancel a previous order
  • Counteroffensive- attack against an attack

22. Cranio

  • Craniology- the study of skull characteristics;
  • Cranium- skull of vertebrates
  • Cranial- pertaining to the skull

23. Cred

  • Credence- belief that something is true or valid;
  • Credulous- believing things too easily, gullible
  •  Incredible- unbelievable

24. Crypto

  • Cryptic- of hidden meaning
  • Cryptography- science of secret fcodes
  • Encrypt- encode into secret code

25. Cumul

  • Accumulate- to gather or pile up
  • Cumulative- gradually building up

26. Cycl

  • Bicycle- a vehicle with two wheels
  • Cycle- a sequence that is repeated
  • Cyclone- a storm with circling winds

27. Dia

Through, between, apart, across

  • Diabetes- disease characterized by excessive thirst and discharge of urine
  • Diagnosis— understanding a condition by going through a detailed review of symptoms
  • Dialog- conversation between two people

28. Dict

  • Contradict- to express the opposite of
  • Prediction- a statement foretelling the future
  • Dictate- to speak out loud for another person to write down.

29. Domin

  • Dominate- to be the master of
  • Domineering- excessively controlling
  • Predominate- to have more power than others

30. Ethno

  • Ethnic- pertaining to a defined group od people
  • Ethnocentric- focusing on the ethnicity of people
  • Ethnology- the science of people and races.

31. Funct

  • Defunct- no longer working or alive
  • Function- to work or perform a role normally
  • Malfunction- to fail to work correctly.

32. Hetero

  • Heterogeneous- made up of unrelated parts
  • Heteronyms- words with same spelling but different meanings
  • Heterodox- not conforming to traditional beliefs

33. Histo

  • Histology- study of the microscopic structure of tissues
  • Histochemistry- study of the chemical constitution of cells and tissues.

34. Hyper

Too much, over, excessive, beyond

  • Hyperactive- very restless
  • Hypercritical— too critical
  • Hypertension— above normal pressure.

35. Infra

  • Infrastructure- underlying framework of a system
  • Infrared- below the regular light spectrum

36. Inter

Between, among, jointly

  • International- involving two or more countries
  • Intersection- place where roads come together
  • Intercept- to stop or interrupt the course of.
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37. Junct

  • Conjunction- a word that joins parts of sentences
  • Disjunction- a disconnection
  • Junction- a place where two things join.

38. Juven

  • Juvenile- youthful or childish
  • Rejuvenate— to bring back to youthful strength or appearance.

39. Kilo

  • Kilobyte- 1,000 bytes
  • Kilometer— 1,000 meter
  • Kilograms- 1,000 grams.

40. Lab

  • Collaborate- to work with a person
  • Elaborate- to work out the details
  • Laborious- requiring a lot of hard work.

41. Later

  • Bilateral— of or involving two sides
  • Unilateral- affecting one side of something.

42. Lex

Word, law, reading

  • Lexicology- the study and history of words
  • Alexia- los of the ability to read
  • Illegal- not authorized by the official rules or laws

43. Liber

  • Liberate- to set free;
  • Libertine- a person with a free, wild lifestyle
  • Liberty- freedom.

44. Lingu

  • Linguist- one who studies languages
  • Multiligual- able to communicate in multiple languages
  • Linguine- long flat “tongue- shapes” pasta.

45. Loc

  • Dislocate- to put something out of its usual place
  • Location- a place
  • Relocate- to move to a new place.

46. Luc

  • Elucidate- to explain, to throw light on
  • Lucid- easily understood , giving off light
  • Translucent- allowing light through

47. Lum

  • Illuminate- to fill with light
  • Lumen- unit measuring light

48. Macro

  • Macroevolution- large scale evolution
  • Macromolecule- a large molecule
  • Macroeconomics- study of the overall forces  of economy

49. Mand

  • Command- an order or instruction
  • Demand- a hard-to-ignore orer
  • Mandate- an official order

50. Mania

Madness, insanity, excessive desire

  • Bibliomania- a crazy love of books
  • Egomania- a mad love of oneself
  • Maniac- an insane person

51. Max

  • Maximal- the best or greatest possible
  • Maximize— to make as great as possible
  • Maximum— the greatest amount.

52. Medi

  • Medieval- pertaining to the Middle Ages
  • Medium- in the middle
  • Mediocre- only of medium (inferior) quality

53. Mega

Great, large, million

  • Megalopolis- an area with many nearby cities
  • Megaphone- a device that projects a loud voice
  • Mega structure- huge building or other structure

54. Meso

  • Mesoamerica- Middle America
  • Meson- elementary particle with a mass between an electron and a proton

55. Meta

Change, after, beyond, between

  • Metaphysics- study of nature and reality
  • Metamorphosis- a complete change of form
  • Metastasis- the transmission of disease to other parts of the body

56. Micro

Very small, short, minute

  • Microbe- a very small living thing
  • Microchip- a tiny wafer with an integrated circuit
  • Microscope- a device to see very small things

57. Mid

  • Midriff- the area between the chest and the waist
  • Midterm- middle of a term in school
  • Midway- halfway between

58. Migr

  • Immigrant- a person who moves to a mew country to settle
  • Migrant— person who moves from place to place
  • Migration- the process of moving

59. Milli

  • Millimeter- one thousandth of ammeter
  • Millibar- one thousandth of a bar
  • Millitre- one thousand of a liter

60. Mob

  • Immobilize- to stop from moving
  • Mobile- able to move freely
  • Mobility- the equality of being able to move

61. Mort

  • Immortal- living forever, unable to die
  • Mortal- certain to die
  • Mortician- an undertaker

62. Multi

Many, more than one or two

  • Multi- coloured- having many colours
  • Multimedia- using a range of media
  • Multi-tasking- doing many things at once

64. Mut

  • Immutable- not changing
  • Mutant- an organism that has undergone change
  • Mutate- to undergo a change

65. Narr

  • Narrate- to tell a story
  • Narrative- a story
  • Narrator- a person who tells a story


65. Nat

  • Innate- included since birth
  • Natal- relating to birth
  • Natural- gotten a birth, not afterward

66. Nav

  • Circumnavigate- to sail around a place
  • Naval- relating to a navy or warships
  • Navigate- to sail a ship through a place

67.Neg

  • Negate- to say it didn’t happen
  • Negative- meaning “no”
  • Renege- to go back on a promise

68. Neo

  • Neoclassic- a revival of classic form,
  • Neo-colonialism- the indirect (“new”) economic and political control of a region by a more powerful foreign power
  • Neonatal- a newborn child, especially first few weeks

69. Non

No, not, without

  • Nondescript- with no special characteristics
  • Nonfiction- true, real, not made-up
  • Non- sense- without sense

70. Not

  • Notable- marked as worthy of attention
  • Notarize- to certify a signature on a legal document
  • Annotate- to add remarks

71. Numer

  • Enumerate- to name a number of items on a list
  • Numerology- the study of magical uses of numbers
  • Numerous- a large number

72. Omni

  • Omnipotent— with all the power
  • Omniscient- knowing all things
  • Omnivorous— eating all types of foods

73. Ortho

  • Orthodontist— a dentist that straightens teeth
  • Orthopaedic- a doctor concerned with the proper alignment of the bones
  • Orthography- the correct way of writing

74. Osteo

  • Osteoarthritis— inflammation caused by degeneration of the joints
  • Osteopathy- therapy that uses among others manipulation of the skeleton to restore health
  • Osteology- the study of bones

75. Out

Goes beyond, surpasses, exceeds

  • Outgoing- being of lively, sharing nature
  • Outdoing- doing better than
  • Outdoor- outside

76. Over

  • Overconfident- more confident than is appropriate
  • Overstock- more supplies than is desirable
  • Overexcited- more excited than one should be

77. Oxy

  • Oxymoron- combining two ideas that sharply contradict other
  • Oxidize- corrode a surface


78. Pan

All, any, everyone

  • Panacea- a cure for all diseases or problems
  • Panorama- an all- around view
  • Pantheism- the worship of all gods
  • Pandemic- affecting all

79. Para

Besides, beyond, abnormal, assistant

  • Parasite- an organism that lives on and off another living being
  • Parallel- alongside and always an equal distance apart
  • Paragraph- a portion of a written document that presents a distinct idea

80. Para

  • Parachute- protection from failing
  • Parasol- an umbrella used to protect from the sun

81. Path

  • Antipathy— a feeling of great dislike
  • Apathy- a lack of feeling or interest
  • Empathy- ability to understand another’s feelings


82. Pel

  • Compel- to force someone to act
  • Expel- to drive someone out of a place
  • Repel- to force back

 83. Per

  • Permanent- lasting throughout all time
  • Permeate- to spread throughout
  • Persist— to continue for a long time
  • Perennial- lasting through many years


84. Peri

  • Periodontal- pertaining to bone and tissue around a tooth
  • Peripheral- lying outside of the center
  • Perimeter- the outer boundary of an area

85. Phys

Nature, medicine, the body

  • Physical- relating to the body
  • Physician— a doctor
  • Physique- nature and shape of one’s body
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86. Poli

  • Metropolis- a large city
  • Politics- actions of a government or political party

87. Poly

Many, more than one

  • Polychrome- with many colours        
  • Polyglot- a person fluent in many languages
  • Polygon- shape with 3 or more straight sides


88. Pon

  • Popular- appealing to a lot of people
  • Population- all of the people who live in a particular area
  • Populist- a supporter of the rights of people

89. Port

  • Export- to carry goods out of a place to another
  • Portable- able to be carried
  • Porter- a person who carries luggage

90. Pos

  • Deposit- to place or drop something
  • Expose- to place out into the open for all to see
  • Position- the place where someone is

91. Post

  • Posthumous- after someone’s death
  • Postpone- to get ready in advance
  • Postscript- an addition to an already completed document

92. Pre

  • Earlier, before, in front of
  • Preamble- a part in front of a formal document
  • Prepare- to get ready in advance


93. Pro

Before, in front of, for, forward

  • Prognosis- a prediction of what will happen
  • Prologue- a passage before the main part
  • Prophet- a person who foretells the future

94. Pul

  • Compulsion- a very strong urge
  • Expulsion- to kick someone out
  • impulsive- having a spontaneous urge to do something

95. Purg

  • Purge – abolition,  abstersion, catharsis, clarification, cleaning, cleanup, coup, crushing, disposal, disposition

96. Put

  • Computer-an electronic thinking device
  • Dispute- to disagree with what another person thinks
  • Input- contribution of one’s thinking

97. Quart

  • Quarter- one fourth
  • Quart- a fourth of a gallon
  • Quartet- a musical composition or group involving 4 voices or instruments

98. Radio

  • Radioactive- emitting radiation
  • Radiologist- someone diagnosing or treating via radiation

99. Retro

  • Retroactive- relating to something in the past
  • Retrogress- to go back to an earlier condition
  • Retrospect- the remembering of past events

100. Rupt

  • Bankrupt- unable to pay because you’re “broke”
  • Interrupt- to break into a conversation or event, to disturb;
  • Rupture- a break in something

101. San

  • Sane- mentally healthy
  • Sanitary- relating to cleanliness and health
  • Sanitation- maintenance of public health and

102. Scend

  • Ascend- to climb upward
  • Crescendo- a climbing up of the volume of music
  • Descend- to go or climb down

103. Sect

  • Dissect- to cut apart piece by piece
  • Intersection- the place or point where two things cross each other
  • Bisect- to cut into two equal parts

104. Self

Of , for, or by itself

  • Self- discipline- the ability to discipline yourself
  • Self- respect- respect for yourself
  • Selfish- concerned only with your own interest

105. Sex

  • Sextet or sextets- a  composition or group of six
  • Sextuple- six fold
  • Sexagenarian- person in his/her sixties

106. Sol

  • Desolate- lonely, dismal, gloomy
  • Solitary- done  alone , by yourself
  • Solo- a performance done by one person alone

107. Sol

  • Solar— involving the sun
  • Parasol- umbrella protecting from the sun
  • Solarium- a room where one is exposed to sun light

108. Son

  • Consonant- a speech sound
  • Sonorous- producing loud, full, rich sounds

109. Soph

  • Philosopher-a wise person
  • Sophisticated- wise about the ways of the world
  • Sophism- a clever but misleading argument

110. Sphere

  • Biosphere- the whole round surface of the earth
  • Hemisphere- half the earth spherically shaped like a ball

111. Spir

  • Inspire- to stimulate or animate
  • Transpire- to give of vapour with waste product through the skin or a membrane
  • Spirit- invisible life force

112. Sta

  • Stable- standing steady and firm
  • Stagnant- standing still, not moving
  • Stationery— at a standstill , fixed.

113. Stell

  • Constellation- a group of stars that forms a pattern
  • Interstellar- between the stars
  • Stellar- relating to stars

114. Struct

  • Construct- to build
  • Destruction- the act of destroying something that was built structure something built
  • Infrastructure- underlying framework off a system

115. Sub

Under, lower than, inferior to

  • Submarine- an underwater boat
  • Submerge- to put underwater
  • Substandard- inferior to accepted standards

116. Sum

  • Sum- the combined total of everything
  • Summation- the total, highest amount
  • Summit- the highest point or top

117. Super

Higher in quality or quantity

  • Super bowl- the final annual football game
  • Superior- above average , better in quality
  • Supersonic— faster than the speed of sound

118. techno

  • Technology- the practical application of knowledge
  • Technocracy – rule of technology
  • Technologically- characterized by technology

119. Tetra

  • Tetrapod- having 4 legs
  • Tetrarchy- government by 4 rules
  • Tetrose- a monosaccharide with four carbon atoms

120. Tort

  • Contortion- a twisted shape or position
  • Distort- to alter the shape or condition of
  • Retort- reply in a manner that is supposed to change the effect of something previously said

121. Tox

  • Detoxification- the process of removing poison
  • Toxic- poisonous
  • Toxicology- the study of poisons
  • Intoxicated- influenced by drugs

122. Tract

  • Attract- to pull objects nearer
  • Distract- to drag attention away from something
  • Tractor— a motor vehicle that plus things

123. Trans

Across, beyond, through

  • Transcontinental- across the continent
  • Transfer— to move from one place to another
  • Transport— to carry something across a space

124. Tri

Three, once in every three, third

  • Triangle- a figure with 3 sides and 3 angles
  • Triathlon- an athletic contest with 3 events
  • Tricycle- a 3- wheel vehicle with pedals

125. Ultra

Beyond, extreme,more than

  • Ultrahigh- extremely high
  • Ultramodern- more modern than anything else
  • Untrasonic- sound waves beyond human hearing

126. Un

Not, opposite of, lacking

  • Unabridged- not shortened
  • Unfair- opposite of fair
  • Unfriendly- lacking friendliness

127. Uni

  • Unicycle- a vehicle with one wheel
  • Unilateral- decided by only one person or nation
  • Unique- the only one of its kind
  • Unison- as one voice

128. Urb

  • Suburb- residential area on the edge of a city
  • Urban- relating to a city
  • Urbanology- the study of city life

129. Vac

  • Evacuate- to empty a dangerous place
  • Vacant- empty, not occupied
  • vacation— a time without work

130. Verb

  • Verbalize- to put into words
  • Adverb- a word relating to a verb
  • Proverb- a short saying that expresses a well-known truth

131. Vice

Acting in place of, next in rank

  • Vice- president- the person next in rank to the president

132. Vid

  • Evident- clearly seen

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